CSS Image Gallery
CSS can be used to create
an image gallery.
Add a description of the
image here
Add a description of the
image here
Add a description of the
image here
Add a description of the
image here
Image Gallery
The following image gallery
is created with CSS:
Example
<html>
<head>
<style>
div.gallery {
margin: 5px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
float: left;
width: 180px;
}
div.gallery:hover {
border: 1px solid #777;
}
div.gallery img {
width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
div.desc {
padding: 15px;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="gallery">
<a target="_blank" href="img_5terre.jpg">
<img src="img_5terre.jpg" alt="Cinque
Terre" width="600" height="400">
</a>
<div class="desc">Add a description of the
image here</div>
</div>
<div class="gallery">
<a target="_blank" href="img_forest.jpg">
<img src="img_forest.jpg" alt="Forest" width="600" height="400">
</a>
<div class="desc">Add a description of the
image here</div>
</div>
<div class="gallery">
<a target="_blank" href="img_lights.jpg">
<img src="img_lights.jpg" alt="Northern
Lights" width="600" height="400">
</a>
<div class="desc">Add a description of the
image here</div>
</div>
<div class="gallery">
<a target="_blank" href="img_mountains.jpg">
<img src="img_mountains.jpg" alt="Mountains" width="600" height="400">
</a>
<div class="desc">Add a description of the
image here</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
CSS Image Sprites
Image Sprites
An image sprite is a
collection of images put into a single image.
A web page with many images
can take a long time to load and generates multiple server requests.
Using image sprites will
reduce the number of server requests and save bandwidth.
Image Sprites - Simple Example
Instead of using three
separate images, we use this single image ("img_navsprites.gif"):
With CSS, we can show just
the part of the image we need.
In the following example
the CSS specifies which part of the "img_navsprites.gif" image to
show:
Example
#home {
width: 46px;
height: 44px;
background: url(img_navsprites.gif) 0 0;
}
Example explained:
- <img id="home" src="img_trans.gif"> - Only
defines a small transparent image because the src attribute cannot be
empty. The displayed image will be the background image we specify in CSS
- width: 46px; height: 44px; - Defines the portion of the
image we want to use
- background: url(img_navsprites.gif) 0 0; - Defines
the background image and its position (left 0px, top 0px)
This is the easiest way to
use image sprites, now we want to expand it by using links and hover effects.
Image Sprites - Create a Navigation List
We want to use the sprite
image ("img_navsprites.gif") to create a navigation list.
We will use an HTML list,
because it can be a link and also supports a background image:
Example
#navlist {
position: relative;
}
#navlist li {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
}
#navlist li, #navlist a {
height: 44px;
display: block;
}
#home {
left: 0px;
width: 46px;
background: url('img_navsprites.gif') 0 0;
}
#prev {
left: 63px;
width: 43px;
background: url('img_navsprites.gif') -47px 0;
}
#next {
left: 129px;
width: 43px;
background: url('img_navsprites.gif') -91px 0;
}
Example explained:
- #navlist
{position:relative;} - position is set to relative to allow absolute
positioning inside it
- #navlist
li {margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;position:absolute;top:0;} - margin
and padding are set to 0, list-style is removed, and all list items are
absolute positioned
- #navlist
li, #navlist a {height:44px;display:block;} - the height of all the images
is 44px
Now start to position and
style for each specific part:
- #home
{left:0px;width:46px;} - Positioned all the way to the left, and the width
of the image is 46px
- #home
{background:url(img_navsprites.gif) 0 0;} - Defines the background image
and its position (left 0px, top 0px)
- #prev
{left:63px;width:43px;} - Positioned 63px to the right (#home width 46px +
some extra space between items), and the width is 43px
- #prev
{background:url('img_navsprites.gif') -47px 0;} - Defines the background
image 47px to the right (#home width 46px + 1px line divider)
- #next
{left:129px;width:43px;} - Positioned 129px to the right (start of #prev
is 63px + #prev width 43px + extra space), and the width is 43px
- #next
{background:url('img_navsprites.gif') -91px 0;} - Defines the background
image 91px to the right (#home width 46px + 1px line divider + #prev width
43px + 1px line divider)
Image Sprites - Hover Effect
Now we want to add a hover
effect to our navigation list.
Tip: The :hover selector can be used on all elements, not only on links.
Our new image
("img_navsprites_hover.gif") contains three navigation images and
three images to use for hover effects:
Because this is one single
image, and not six separate files, there will be no loading delay when
a user hovers over the image.
We only add three lines of
code to add the hover effect:
Example
#home a:hover {
background: url('img_navsprites_hover.gif') 0 -45px;
}
#prev a:hover {
background: url('img_navsprites_hover.gif') -47px -45px;
}
#next a:hover {
background: url('img_navsprites_hover.gif') -91px -45px;
}
Example explained:
- #home
a:hover {background: url('img_navsprites_hover.gif') 0 -45px;} - For all
three hover images we specify the same background position, only 45px
further down
